Fees are the full amount users of a protocol pay. Revenue is the share of that which stays with the protocol. Holders revenue is the share of revenue distributed to the token holders. Each step is a subset of the previous one, which is why each list is shorter than the one before.

App fees and App revenue do not count what a network itself earns, but what the applications running on it earn. These two lists rank chains and not individual protocols, because the freely accessible source releases no per-protocol breakdown for them.

For options, two figures sit side by side that are far apart and both correct. Premium volume is the price actually paid for the options, notional volume the value of the underlying amount. Notional volume is therefore many times higher. The two numbers must not be set against each other.

Open interest is not a turnover figure but a level: the value of all contracts currently running.

A dash in a column means no value is available for that entry and time window. It does not mean zero.